Building a freshwater monitoring toolkit to give effect to Ngaa Rauru values

As Māori around the motu continue to assert the mana motuhake in freshwater management, many are developing bespoke freshwater monitoring approaches that represent their own values for freshwater. Here, we take a mixed methods (quantitative and qualitative) approach to examining which kaupapa Māori freshwater monitoring tools or their components can give effect to the freshwater values held by hapuu of Ngaa Rauru. We show that existing tools are able to give effect to many of those values Ngaa Rauru hold, but there is room for further development and point to kaupapa Māori evaluation tools developed in education literature as fertile ground for the further development of kaupapa Māori freshwater monitoring tools.